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Β-Lactamase inhibitor
Beta lactamases are a family of enzymes involved in bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. They act by breaking the beta-lactam ring that allows penicillin-like antibiotics to work. Strategies for combatting this form of resistance have included the development of new beta lactam antibiotics that are more resistant to cleavage, and the development of beta lactamase inhibitors. Although β-lactamase inhibitors have little antibiotic activity of their own, they prevent bacterial degradation of beta lactam antibiotics and thus extend the range of bacteria the drugs are effective against.
==Medical uses==
The most important use of beta lactamase inhibitors is in the treatment of infections known or believed to be caused by Gram-(-) bacteria, as beta lactamase production is an important contributor to beta lactam resistance in these pathogens. In contrast, most beta lactam resistance in Gram-(+) bacteria is due variations in penicillin-binding proteins that lead to reduced binding to the beta lactam. The Gram-(+) pathogen ''Staphylococcus aureus'' produces beta lactamases, but beta lactamase inhibitors play a lesser role in treatment of these infections because the most resistant strains (methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'') also use variant penicillin-binding proteins.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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